04 · Student-group gaps
Where are student-group gaps largest?
Compare estimated academic results by race and economic status.
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National trends and district comparison
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National district distribution
White–Black achievement gap
Typical reported district gap0.60 SD2,021 districts with both student-group estimates
Read carefully
These are differences in estimated achievement, not differences in student potential or school quality. A gap describes unequal outcomes and should be read alongside opportunity, resources and student context.
Source policy
Every result keeps its year and source.
Primary sources
Stanford Education Data Archive 2025.1
Publication ruleSuppressed values remain suppressed. Unlike measures are not blended, and missing values are never treated as zero.
Read the methodology →